history Of Aurangabad

Aurangabad, Maharashtra

AurangabadMaharashtra • India


Aurangabad
Coordinates: 19°32′N 75°14′E / 19.53, 75.23
Time zone
IST (UTC+5:30)
Area• Elevation
138.5 km² (53 sq mi)• 513 m (1,683 ft)
District(s)
Aurangabad
Population• Density
1,114,918 (2001)• ?/km² (Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character "?"/sq mi)
Mayor
Dr.Bhagwat Karad
Codes• Pincode• Telephone• Vehicle
• 431 001• +0240• MH-20
Coordinates: 19°32′N 75°14′E / 19.53, 75.23
For other uses, see Aurangabad.
Aurangabad (pronunciation (help·info) (औरंगाबाद) from Persian اورنگ‌آباد meaning "Built by the Throne", named after Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb) is a city in Maharashtra, India. The city is a tourist hub, surrounded with many historical monuments including Ajanta and Ellora World heritage sites. This district center is the administrative headquarter of Aurangabad Division, or Marathwada region.


History
There was a village named Kirki (Khadki) where the city stands today. According to some historians, the city was founded in 1610 by Malik Ambar. Malik Ambar was the Prime Minister of Murtaza Nizam Shah II of Ahmednagar, the then ruler of the Deccan (central parts of Southern India). It is widely believed that city took shape between 1604 and 1610 under Malik Ambar's rule. Initially, it was named Fatehpura (city of Victory), probably after Malik's son Fateh Khan.
In 1634, Aurangzeb was sent to Kirki as Governor of Deccan. In 1644, he moved to Agra to play an active role in Mughal politics.
In 1681, the city again became the residence of Aurangzeb, who had now become Mughal Emperor. He used the city as a base for his campaigns to conquer the last remaining Deccan sultanates until his death in 1707 AD. The modern name of the city was probably taken after his death. Aurangzeb's tomb is situated at Khultabad, a small town near the city.

Geography
The location co-ordinates for Aurangabad are N 19° 53' 47" - E 75° 23' 54". It is located 512 meters above sea level. The city is surrounded by hills on all sides
Temperatures : Annual temperature in Aurangabad range from 9 to 40°C. The best time to visit Aurangabad is in the winter - October to February. The highest maximum temperature ever recorded at Aurangabad was 46°C (114°F) on 25 May 1905. The lowest record temperature was 2°C (36°F) on 2 February 1911. [1]
Rainfall : Most of the rainfall occurs in the monsoons season (June to September). Rainfall in Aurangabad varies from 9.0 to 693 mm/month. Average annual rainfall is 725 mm.

Economy
There is ample evidence to believe that Aurangabad was developed as a trading hub four centuries ago. It lies on a major trade route that used to connect north-west India's sea and land ports to the Deccan region.
Manufacturing
The city was a major silk and cotton textile production center. A fine blend of silk with locally grown cotton was developed as Himroo textile. Much of the silk industry has eroded with times. Yet a few industrial units, like Standard Silk Mills, have been successful in keeping that tradition alive. Paithani silk saris are made in small industries nearby and available in the city market. The name of this cloth is derived from Paithan town.
Aurangabad is the most important manufacturing center in Marathwada. Pharmaceuticals, steel recycling, auto parts manufacturing, and beverages production (soft drinks and beer in particular) are major industries.
The Shendra, Chikalthana and Waluj MIDC Industrial Areas are prominent industrial zones on the outskirts of the city. Major multinational groups that have set up manufacturing or processing plants in and around the city include :
Bajaj Auto Ltd. - automaker
Wipro- Electronics
Good Year-Tyre
NRB Bearing - Automobile
Johnson & Johnson-Health Care
Starlite-Optic Fibre
Colgate & Pamolive
Škoda India - automaker,
Siemens Ltd - engineering,
Videocon - consumer electronics and durables
Cosmo Films Limited - BOPP Films
Wockhardt Ltd - pharmaceuticals
Pepsi - beverages
United Spirits Ltd - Liquor
Fosters India-Liquor
Services
Tourism Aurangabad, with a large number of historical monuments in and around the city, is a major tourist center. India's top hotels chains including The taj group and the welcomegroup have their hotels in the city.
Banking And Financial Services In the first decade of the 21st century, Aurangabad has seen a spurt in financial activities.Almost all public sector and private banks have opened their branches in Aurangabad. The Major Banks that have their brances include The citibank, Deutche Bank, SBI, ICICI bank, HDFC Bank, UTI Bank.
Almost all of India's top stocks trading and brokerage firms have their braches or representations in the city.

Administration and Politics
Aurangabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) is the local civil body. It is divided in six zones.
Major Areas of Aurangabad City
1) Osmanpura
2) Shreyanagar
3) Kadhkeshwar
4) CIDCO city Region
5) Garkheda
6) Jawahar Colony
7) Chikhaltana
8) Samarthnagar
9) Jyotinagar
10) Aurangpura & Nirala Bazaar
11) Shivaji Nagar
12) Satara Parisar
13) Bajaj Nagar & Waluj
Aurangabad contributes one seat to the Lok Sabha. The seat is currently held by Mr. Chandrakant Khaire, MP of the Shiv Sena party.
Judiciary Aurangabad is a bench of the Bombay High Court.Which is situarted on Jalna Road, Aurangabad.(Ref:more information look at High Courts of India, Bombay High Court) There is also District and Sesions Court At Aurangabad.There is also Civil Judge Junior Division (CJSD) & CJ senior Division(CJSD).The Aurangabad DSistrict & sessions Court, is more than 100 years old.

Education
Since India's independence, Aurangabad is a major learning center of central Maharashtra. Aurangabad is the headquarter of Government-funded Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University BAMU. It caters to government aided and recognized colleges in four districts. City has other private Universities and Autonomous institutions.
The city has more than one institution of higher education in Engineering, Medicine, Law, Pharmacy, Education faculties Each. In first part of 21st century, many good schools have come up.
Aurangabad now has five engineering colleges, namely[1] Govt. Engineering College,(Now Autonomous Institute) GECA[2] Marathwada Institute of Technology (MIT)MIT[3] PES Engineering College[4] Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College (JNEC) JNEC[5] Govt Polytechnic College. GP
The medical colleges in the city are Government Medical College, MGM Medical College, Govt. Dental College, C.S.M.S. Ayurvedic & Dental College, Bhagwan College of Homeopathy, D.K.M.M College of Homeopathy, Foster's Homeopathy College.
Also there are four pharmacy colleges: Government college of pharmacy(B.Pharmacy & recently approved for M.Pharmacy) Y.B.Chavan college of pharmacy(B.Pharmacy) Bhagwan college of pharmacy(B.pharmacy) Yash institute of pharmacy(B.pharmacy)

Media and Communications
Newspapers: Major Marathi newspapers published in Aurangabad include Sakaal, Dainik Lokmat, Punya Nagari, Saamana and Loksatta. Lokmat Times is the only English newspaper published in the city. Pune city editions of Newspapers available include - The Indian Express, Times of India, The Business Standard, The Economic Times, and The Financial Times.
Television: Doordarshan's Sahyadri and DD News Territorial Television channels are available in Aurangabad. Satellite television services are available through Doordarshan Direct Plus, Dish TV and Tata Sky. Two private Cable networks ACN and MCN provide cable TV services.
Radio: City has Two FM radio stations All India Radio has one FM station in the city, operating at 101.7 MHz. The same feed is available in AM at 1521 kHz. Gyaanvani is another FM Fascility dedicated to University learning and distance education. The government have provided licenses to 3 other private FM radio operators for territorial broadcasts. Private satellite radios such as WorldSpace, are also available.
Telephony and Internet: Telephony services are provided by service providers like Airtel, Idea cellular, Hutch, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom and the state owned BSNL. BSNL, Reliance, Tata Indicom and sify (Satyam infoway) provide end user internet facility.

Entertainment
Aurangabad has two multiplexes and a large number of Movie theaters. These multiplexes are situated in CIDCO region of the city.Both, PVR Cinemas and Fame Cinemas are the three screen multiplexes in the city.
The city has two public Auditoria : 1) Sant Eknath Rangamandir and 2)Tapadia Natya Mandir. Besides there are many auditoria run by private entities

Transport
Aurangabad has a privately operated intra-city bus service, AMT, owned by Aurangabad Municipal Corporation.Maharashtra state road transport buses provides service to all parts of state from Aurangabad,alnogwith private bus operators
Chikalthana airport is the domestic airport of Aurangabad. The nearest international airports are Mumbai and Pune. Indian, Jet Airways and Air Deccan have regular flights from Mumbai to Aurangabad.
The city has direct rail links to New Delhi, Mumbai, Pune and Hyderabad.

Tourist attractions
Besides world heritage monuments of Ajanta Caves, Ellora Caves, city also offers the Aurangabad Caves, Pithalkhora Caves, Paithan, Daulatabad (Deogiri Fort) and Bibi-Ka-Maqbara as the district is rich in monuments, historical and religious, of National importance. Hence, it deserves the epithet as Tourist District of India.

Monuments

Bibika maqbara
Ajanta stone engraved sculpture and paintings Caves. A world heritage monument.
Ajanta Visitor Center Under construction, Located at T Junction Fardapur: Designed as a tribute to the Ajanta Caves, AVC would consist of four cave replicas (1,2,16 1nd 17). Static, electronic and interactive museums would orient, guide and create a virtually real experience for the visitors to understand the original paintings and stories. Ambience of the Center (almost hidden in the rocky terrain) would simulate a sense of discovery to the visitors, especially children.
Ellora stone engraved sculptures. A world heritage monument.
Daulatabad Fort
The Bibi Ka Maqbara. A replica of the Taj Mahal.
Aurangabad Caves (Buddhist)
Panchakki, or The Water Mill complex
Khuldabad the resting place of Aurangzeb.
Gates (Darwajas) - During Mughal times, Aurangabad had 4 main and 9 subordinate gates (darwajas) along its periphery, famous among them being the Paithan Gate and Roshan Gate.

Parks
Salim Ali Lake at Dilli Gate named after Dr. Salim Ali
Mhaismal hills
Lonar - a natural lake formed by meteorite impact (Near Mehekar) - 150 km from Aurangabad
Sant Dnyaneshwar garden, Paithan
Jayakwadi dam bird sanctuary: home for migratory birds from Siberia
Gautala wildlife park and bird sanctury
Siddarth Garden

Religious places
Grishneshwar A Hindu shiva Temple. One of the 12 Jyotirlinga shrines.